{"id":2123,"date":"2024-07-22T17:26:48","date_gmt":"2024-07-22T15:33:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/experiments.school\/?post_type=product&#038;p=2123"},"modified":"2024-07-22T17:52:55","modified_gmt":"2024-07-22T15:52:55","slug":"018-thermopar","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/experiments.school\/es\/produkt\/018-thermopar\/","title":{"rendered":"018 &#8211; Thermopar"},"content":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<h2><strong>Efecto termoel\u00e9ctrico\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h2><strong>Efecto Seebeck\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h2><strong>Generaci\u00f3n de tensi\u00f3n por calentamiento\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Introducci\u00f3n a:\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Termometr\u00eda\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Term\u00f3metro el\u00e9ctrico\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[video width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" mp4=\"https:\/\/experiments.school\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/018-video-end.mp4\"][\/video]\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Material:\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">a)\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Electrodo para soldar, fabricado en n\u00edquel (primero se debe eliminar el recubrimiento con alicates y papel de lija grueso)\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Alambre de cobre (aprox. 20 cm)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Tensi\u00f3n de contacto 20 \u03bcV\/K\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">o<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">b)\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Alambre Constantan (longitud aprox. 20 cm; di\u00e1metro aprox. 0,5 mm)\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Alambre de hierro (longitud aprox. 20 cm; di\u00e1metro aprox. 0,5 mm)\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Tensi\u00f3n de contacto 43 \u03bcV\/K\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">o<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">c)\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Alambre de n\u00edquel-cromo (longitud aprox. 20 cm; di\u00e1metro aprox. 0,5 mm)\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Alambre de n\u00edquel (longitud aprox. 20 cm; di\u00e1metro aprox. 0,5 mm)\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Tensi\u00f3n de contacto 40 \u03bcV\/K\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">En general:<\/span>\u00a0 <span data-contrast=\"auto\">Los pares de alambres de dos metales diferentes A y B, por ejemplo, tambi\u00e9n hierro y zinc, son adecuados\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Medidor de voltaje en el rango de milivoltios \/ mult\u00edmetro\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Pinzas de cocodrilo\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Vela \/ Encendedor\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Montaje:\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">a)\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Retire el aislamiento del cable de cobre y envu\u00e9lvalo alrededor del electrodo de n\u00edquel una o dos veces, creando una uni\u00f3n firme entre los metales.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">b) c)\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Retuerce los extremos de los dos alambres a lo largo de 5 cm.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Conecte el medidor de voltaje a los extremos libres del metal A y el metal B.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Ejecuci\u00f3n:\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Calienta el punto de contacto de los metales con la llama de la vela.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Observaci\u00f3n:\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">El medidor de voltaje muestra un voltaje de contacto en el rango de milivoltios.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">A medida que el punto de contacto se calienta, el voltaje de contacto aumenta\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Para el par de metales a) cobre \u2013 n\u00edquel es : 20 \u03bcV\/K, es decir, 2 mV corresponde a un aumento de temperatura de 100 K .\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Al enfriar, el voltaje de contacto disminuye.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Explicaci\u00f3n:\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">El voltaje de contacto se debe al diferente trabajo de salida de electrones de diferentes metales, los niveles de Fermi son de diferentes alturas.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">La tensi\u00f3n de contacto aumenta en proporci\u00f3n a la temperatura (absoluta) en el punto de contacto.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Tips:\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">El contacto entre los metales se puede aumentar golpeando el punto de torsi\u00f3n con un martillo o soldando los cables entre s\u00ed.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Con un medidor de voltaje en el rango de \u03bcV, incluso se puede detectar el calor de la mano.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">En el par met\u00e1lico metal A n\u00edquel-cromo &#8211; metal B n\u00edquel, la tensi\u00f3n de contacto es de unos 40 \u03bcV\/K (por encima de 0 \u00b0C).\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":2125,"template":"","meta":[],"product_brand":[],"product_cat":[977,983,884,901,899],"product_tag":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-2123","1":"product","2":"type-product","3":"status-publish","4":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"product_cat-2-voltaje-corriente","7":"product_cat-4-conductividad-resistencia","8":"product_cat-b-electricidad-es","9":"product_cat-d-termodinamica","10":"product_cat-i-dispositivos-fisicos-es","11":"","12":"woocommerce-text-align-left","13":"woocommerce-image-align-center","15":"first","16":"instock","17":"shipping-taxable","18":"product-type-simple"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/experiments.school\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product\/2123","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/experiments.school\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/experiments.school\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/product"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/experiments.school\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2125"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/experiments.school\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2123"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"product_brand","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/experiments.school\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_brand?post=2123"},{"taxonomy":"product_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/experiments.school\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_cat?post=2123"},{"taxonomy":"product_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/experiments.school\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_tag?post=2123"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}